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目的探讨与细胞周期调节有关的基因改变在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组织化学链霉抗生物素蛋白过氧化物酶连接法（ＳＰ法），检测７３例食管癌中Ｒｂ蛋白和ｐ１６蛋白的表达。结果食管鳞状细胞癌Ｒｂ和ｐ１６蛋白表达阳性率分别为４２５％（３１／７３）和６７１％（４９／７３），Ｒｂ蛋白表达阳性率与食管鳞状细胞癌分级呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０００５），ｐ１６蛋白表达阳性率与食管鳞状细胞癌分级呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０００５）。４９例ｐ１６蛋白表达阳性的食管癌中Ｒｂ蛋白表达阴性者３９例，３１例Ｒｂ蛋白表达阳性的食管癌中ｐ１６蛋白表达阴性者２１例，两者呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０００５）；１０例食管鳞状细胞癌呈Ｒｂ蛋白和ｐ１６蛋白共同表达，３例Ｒｂ蛋白和ｐ１６蛋白表达呈共同阴性。结论Ｒｂ蛋白和ｐ１６蛋白表达的有无可分别作为食管鳞状细胞癌病理分级参考指标之一，并间接证明Ｒｂ蛋白对ｐ１６蛋白表达具有负性调节的功能。
Objective To investigate the expression and significance of gene changes related to cell cycle regulation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical streptavidinperoxidase (SP) method was used to detect the expression of Rb protein and p16 protein in 73 cases of esophageal cancer. Results The positive rates of Rb and p16 protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 42.5% (31/73) and 67.1% (49/73) respectively. The positive rate of Rb protein expression was significantly negative with the grade of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Correlation (P<0005), positive rate of p16 protein expression was positively correlated with grading of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P<0005). In 49 cases of esophageal cancer with positive expression of p16 protein, 39 cases were negative for Rb protein expression, and 31 cases with negative expression of p16 protein were positive in 21 cases of esophageal cancer with positive Rb protein expression. There was a significant negative correlation between them (P<0005); In 10 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Rb protein and p16 protein were co-expressed, and 3 cases of Rb protein and p16 protein were common negative. Conclusion The presence or absence of Rb protein and p16 protein can be used as one of the reference indexes for the pathological grade of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and indirectly proves that Rb protein has a negative regulation function on the expression of p16 protein.