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目的探讨医学新生潜在心理危机现状及与心理痛苦水平的关系,为早期提供适宜的心理健康干预提供科学依据。方法对北方某医科大学311名入学新生进行自编调查问卷与症状自评量表(SCL-90)统一调查。结果存在潜在心理危机者(简称有者,反之无者,下同)为55人,检出率为17.7%,其中男生为17.6%、女生为17.7%。有者生活不快乐的为31.1%,明显高于无者的14.3%(χ2=7.77,P<0.01);SCL-90所有因子均分存在潜在心理危机者均比无者高(t>1.96,P<0.01),且除了恐怖、偏执因子≥2的检出率有无潜在心理危机比较没有统计学意义外,其他8个问题检出率有者均高于无者(χ2>3.84,P<0.01)。结论存在潜在心理危机的新生近五分之一,且心理痛苦水平高,存在轻度以上心理问题的人数多,加强医科院校心理危机防控能力势在必行。
Objective To explore the status quo of potential psychological crisis and its relationship with psychological pain in medical freshmen and to provide a scientific basis for early intervention in mental health. Methods A total of 311 newly recruited students from a medical university in north China were investigated by self-made questionnaire and SCL-90. Results There were 55 potential psychological crisis (short for those with the contrary, the same below), with a detection rate of 17.7%, of which 17.6% were boys and 17.7% girls. The prevalence of unpleasant life was 31.1%, significantly higher than that of no-one (χ2 = 7.77, P <0.01); all the factors of SCL-90 were significantly higher than those without latent crisis (t> 1.96, P <0.01). Besides, the detection rate of paranoid factor ≥2 was not statistically significant except for the detection rate of paranoid factor ≥2, the detection rate of the other eight problems were higher than those without (χ2> 3.84, P < 0.01). Conclusions There are nearly one fifth of new students with potential psychological crisis, and the level of psychological distress is high. There are many people with mild psychological problems, so it is imperative to strengthen the prevention and control of psychological crisis in medical colleges and universities.