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低地球轨道距地面200~700km,是对地观测卫星、气象卫星、空间站等航天器运行区域,在此区间内大多数空间飞行器运动部件选用固体润滑材料,其中二硫化钼(MoS2)使用最为广泛。在低地球轨道内,大气残余气体中氧分子在紫外光作用下发生光致解离,产生原子态氧并长时间在轨稳定存在,原子氧与轨道内高速飞行航天器碰撞时能量为5.3eV,这种高速碰撞氧化对材料侵蚀作用非常严重,因此,原子氧辐照被认为是低地球轨道航天器表面最危险的环境因素。
Low earth orbit is 200 ~ 700km from the ground, which is the spacecraft operational area for earth observation satellites, meteorological satellites and space stations. Most of the spacecraft moving parts use solid lubricating materials in this area, of which molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is the most widely used . In low Earth orbit, oxygen molecules in atmospheric residual gas undergo photodissociation under ultraviolet light to generate atomic oxygen and exist in orbital stability for a long time. The energy of atomic oxygen collides with high-flying orbiting spacecraft at 5.3 eV This high-speed collision oxidation has a very serious erosion effect on the material. Therefore, atomic oxygen irradiation is considered as the most dangerous environmental factor on the surface of low-Earth orbit spacecraft.