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目的：探讨慢性前列腺炎患者性行为、人格特质、述情特点、疾病观念与求医行为等社会心理特征及相关因素。方法对2011年7月至2013年1月在门诊及病房就诊的120例慢性前列腺炎患者行排尿、疼痛症状及严重程度评估，同时进行勃起功能评分表（IIEF）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、家庭环境量表（FES）、系统家庭动力学自评量表（SSFD）、艾森克人格问卷（EPQA）、多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS）、心理和人际关系问卷（SEAR）、疾病观念与求医行为量表（ICHSB）等问卷调查，同时选取100例健康志愿者进行比较。结果（1）在抑郁、焦虑、家庭环境因子V、艾森克因子N、艾森克因子总分和多伦多述情障碍因子Ⅱ各指标方面，慢性前列腺炎组高于对照组，两组比较分别为（40.13±6.86）vs（35.43±7.15），（38.63±7.59）vs（33.18±7.25），（6.88±1.67）vs（6.72±2.01），（14.67±4.37）vs（10.22±4.43），（43.21±7.32）vs（38.38±5.75），（24.12±3.42）vs（21.97±3.85），差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）；慢性前列腺炎患者在国际勃起功能评分，多伦多述情障碍因子Ⅲ，心理和人际关系评分方面得分均低于对照组，分别为（16.41±3.12）vs （19.03±5.01），（14.73±4.13）vs （16.11±3.48）,（57.74±2.42）vs （58.76±3.18），差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。（2）临床症状与抑郁、焦虑、系统家庭动力学的系统逻辑、国际勃起功能评分、成年时期对疾病与健康的观念、态度呈正相关。与家庭环境因子Ⅰ、因子Ⅸ呈负相关，与心理和人际关系无相关。（3）焦虑、疲劳、职业、不当性活动、缺乏识别情感和躯体感受的能力为危险因素，受教育年限为保护因素。结论慢性前列腺炎患者易伴有抑郁、焦虑情绪；焦虑、职业、不正当性行为、缺乏识别情感和躯体感受的能力为其患慢性前列腺炎的危险因素。“,”Objective To investigate the relationship of sexal behaviors, personality character, alexi-thymia character, disease concept, healthy seeking behaviors in patients with chronic prostatitis. Methods According to China urology disease diagnostic guidelines (2009). Total of 120 patients with chronic prostatitis and 100 controls who hospitalized in our hospital from July, 2011 to Jan, 2013were recruited in the study and evaluated by the questionnaires of international index of erectile function(IIEF) Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Serf-Rating Depression scale(SDS), Family Environment Scale(FES), Selfrating Scale of Systemic Family Dynamics(SSFD), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), Toronto Alexithy-mia scale(TAS), Psychological and interpersonal relationship questionnaire (SEAR), serf-rating scale of illness conception and health seeking behavior(ICHSB). Results (1) In chronic prostatitis patients group(120), the scores of SAS, SDS. achievement orientailon in FES, nervous and the total scores of EPQ, factor II in TAS were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects(100), [(40.13±6.86) vs (35.43±7.15), (38.63±7.59) vs (33.18±7.25), (6.88±1.67) vs (6.72± 2.01), (14.67±4.37) vs (10.22±4.43), (43.21±7.32) vs (38.38±5.75), (24.12±3.42)vs (21.97±3.85), P<0.05]; International index of erectile function (IIEF), factor Ⅲ in TAS, Psychological and interpersonal relationship (SEAR) were significantly lower than those in healthy[[(16.41±3.12)vs (19.03±5.01) , (14.73±4.13) vs (16.1l±3.48), (57.74±2.42)vs(58.76±3.18)] (P<0.05). (2) The symptoms of chronic prostatitis patients were positively correlated to the severity of depression, anxiety, systemic Family Dynamics Ⅲ, index of erectile function and illness conception and health seeking behavior factor Ⅱ.The symptoms of chronic prostatitis patients were negatively correlated to the Family EnvironmentⅠ, Ⅸ, but no association with psychological and interpersonal relations. (3) The risk factors of chronic prostatitis were anxiety, Professional, fatigue, improper sexual activity, acking of the ability to distinguish between emotion and physical feelings and loving fantasy、Education level had protective role to chronic prostatitis. Conclusion The chronic prostatitis patients have certain psychological problems such as depression, anxiety; The risk factors of chronic prostatitis were anxiety, professional, improper sexual activity and lacking of the ability to distinguish between emotion and physical feelings and loving fantasy.