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为了解太行山地区针、阔叶森林凋落物分解特征,以刺槐和侧柏人工林为对象,采用样地调查法,对其凋落物养分归还和营养元素周转进行了研究,结果表明:侧柏和刺槐林年凋落总量分别为7 494.71和5 372.34 kg/hm2;凋落物中落叶比重最大。为减少养分流失,阔叶林树刺槐的N、P养分回流现象明显,其中N回流率约为34%~53%,P回流率约为28%~56%;而针叶树侧柏的养分回流现象不明显。森林凋落物3种元素含量以Ca最高,其次是N,含量最低的是P;阔叶林凋落物中N、P含量明显高于针叶林。凋落物N、P迁移符合富集-释放模式;Ca为直接释放类型。刺槐凋落物分解速率明显快于侧柏,其完全分解时间分别为7.7和12.8 a。侧柏在养分年归还总量、Ca的年释放率以及P、Ca的周转时间方面要优于刺槐,而刺槐在N、P年释放率以及N周转时间方面比侧柏有优势。
In order to understand the litter decomposition characteristics of needles and broad-leaved forests in Taihang Mountain, the litter and oriental arborvitae plantations were used as research objects. The litter nutrient return and nutrient turnover were studied by field survey. The results showed that: The total annual litterfall of Robinia pseudoacacia forest was 7 494.71 and 5 372.34 kg / hm2, respectively. The litterfall had the largest proportion of deciduous leaves. In order to reduce the loss of nutrients, N, P nutrient reflow of broad-leaved forest tree locust tree was obvious, of which N reflux rate was about 34% -53% and P reflux rate was about 28% -56% Not obvious. The contents of Ca, Ca, Ca and Cd in forest litter were the highest, followed by N and P, respectively. The contents of N and P in the litter were significantly higher than those in coniferous forest. The litter N and P migrated in the enrichment-release mode and Ca was the direct release type. Robinia pseudoacacia litter decomposition rate was significantly faster than arborvitae, its complete decomposition time was 7.7 and 12.8 a. Arborvitae is superior to Robinia pseudoacacia in terms of total annual nutrient return, Ca release rate and P and Ca turnover time, whereas Arborvitae has superiority to Arborvitae in N, P release rate and N turnover time.