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一陀螺仪的基本原理(一)基本特性比较狭义地说,陀螺仪是一个由安放在内、外框架上高速旋转的转子,如图1所示。转子轴在框架内可以绕自转轴线上的一个固定点向任意方向回转。这种装置有两个基本特性。1.定向性除非受到外力作用,转子轴线的方向将保持不变,这种特性称作陀螺仪的定向性。2.进动性如果转子不自转,当把一个重物挂在内框架上,在重力作用下,内框架将沿着挂重物的方向翻转,如图2所示。
The basic principle of a gyroscope (A) The basic characteristics More narrowly speaking, the gyroscope is placed inside and outside the frame by a high-speed rotation of the rotor, shown in Figure 1. The rotor shaft can be pivoted in any direction about a fixed point on the axis of rotation in the frame. This device has two basic characteristics. 1. Directivity Unless subjected to external forces, the direction of the rotor axis will remain unchanged, this feature is called the gyro’s orientation. 2. Precession If the rotor does not rotate, when a heavy object is hung on the inner frame, under the action of gravity, the inner frame will flip along the direction of hanging heavy objects, as shown in FIG. 2.