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周新功同志:您提出的问题,现简答于下:一、要因地制宜选择造林杨树品种。多数杨树品种具有速生的特性,但抗盐碱较差,需肥水较多,其抗逆性因品种而异。例如:胡杨、灰杨的耐盐抗旱性就比较强。根据杨树品种栽培区域试验结果,北疆地区宜选用小×毛、美×小47号、小×黑10、小×黑14、俄罗斯杨品种较好。这些杨树具有速生、抗寒、抗病力强等优点。二、治理盐碱。对盐碱较重的林地,在栽树前应进行洗盐以降低土壤的含盐量。但有的造林地因洗盐工作跟不上,影响新植林木的成活和成林;有的则因洗盐压碱不彻底,造林后,林木尚未形成郁闭发挥生物排水治碱的作用,土壤盐碱上升加剧也会造成幼林死亡。
Comrade Zhou Xingong: Your question is summarized as follows: First, we must select the appropriate species of afforestation poplar. Most poplar varieties have the characteristics of fast-growing, but poor resistance to salt, fertilizer need more, its resistance varies by species. For example: Populus euphratica salt ash drought resistance is relatively strong. According to poplar cultivated area test results, the northern region should choose small × hair, the United States × small 47, small × black 10, small × black 14, Russian poplar species better. These poplar with fast-growing, cold, disease resistance and other advantages. Second, treatment of salt. Saline alkali heavier woodland, should be washed before planting salt to reduce soil salt content. However, some afforested land can not keep up with the work of salt washing, which will affect the survival and forestation of new plantation trees. In some cases, because of the incomplete salt washing and alkali treatment, after afforestation, Increased soil salinity can also cause young forest deaths.