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裱背是源远流长的传统文化工艺,历史上一直都在延续并有所发展,直至今天仍有着重要的社会功用。元朝在裱背工艺上,上承金、宋遗绪,在天下一统的条件下,汇集各方人才,融合南北技艺,总体水平有了提高。一个重要标志是产生了“裱背十三科”的行业规范和理论,同时产生了以焦庆安、王芝为代表的著名裱背工匠。元朝的裱背首先服务于国家的文化事业,同时社会上也有很大需求,这应该也与元朝书画艺术的昌盛有直接关系,也与秘书监等文化机构的职能有关系。本文对元朝的裱背资料做了史料上的钩沉寻赜工作,用史实纠正了各种对元朝裱背工艺的贬损之说。
Mounting back is a long history of traditional culture, history has been in the continuation and development, until today still has an important social function. In the mountaineering process, the Yuan Dynasty inherited the money and the Song relics. Under the unified conditions of the world, the Yuan Dynasty brought together talents from all quarters and merged North and South crafts, raising the overall standard. An important symbol is the production of “back-mounted thirteen Division ” industry norms and theories, at the same time produced by Jiao Qing’an, Wang Zhi famous mounted back craftsmen. The installation of the Yuan dynasty first served the country’s cultural undertakings and at the same time there was a great demand in the society. This should also have a direct bearing on the prosperity of the art of calligraphy and painting in the Yuan Dynasty and also on the functions of the secretaries and other cultural institutions. In this paper, the historical data of the Yuan Dynasty was used to do the work of searching for the lost and foundations, and the historical facts were used to correct various derogatory ways of mounting the Yuan Dynasty.