新石器化——从非洲到欧亚以远

• 作 者: 罗兰 张力生
• 机 构: 伦敦大学学院人类学系,英国皇家人类学学会,伦敦大学学院(UCL)考古学院,
• 出 处: 西南民族大学学报(人文社科版)
• 发表日期: 2016年01期
• 关键词: 青铜时代 新石器化 流动方式 欧亚大陆 城市中心 现代性 亚非走廊 青铜文明 元性 列维

对于文明的大范围研究,学界普遍存在这样的预设:在大规模相互交错的文明的城市中心形成过程中,欧亚大陆的青铜时代是关键阶段。在这一预设下,包括非洲在内的世界其他地方则被认为是仍处于文明未发萌的新石器时代的“他者”。然而,借助于对一些物品的流动方式的考察,包括食物等,会发现在这些“他者”中,物品的传播有着不同于欧亚模式的途径与意义,使得这些地区形成了不同于欧亚文明的文明体系。对这一文明体系的考察,不仅能打破视青铜器时代为通向现代性的必经之路的偏见,也为思考文明这一概念的多中心性与多元性提供了一种新的视野。

For the large-scale study of civilization, there is a widespread presupposition in academia that the bronze age of Eurasia is a crucial stage in the formation of a large, intertwined civilized urban center. Under this presupposition, the rest of the world, including Africa, is considered as the “other” who is still in the Neolithic age where civilization did not emerge. However, with the investigation of the flow patterns of some items, including food, etc., it can be found that the transmission of articles in these “other persons” has different ways and meanings from those of the Eurasian pattern, making these areas different from Civilized system of Eurasian civilization. The investigation of this system of civilizations can not only break the prejudice that the Bronze Age took the necessary road to modernity but also provide a new perspective for the multi-centerity and pluralism of the concept of civilization.