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本文提出了一种液氦容器最佳热设计的方法,它适用于利用液氮和蒸发的氦气冷却支撑和多层绝热的液氦容器。用以确定热交换器在支撑上和多层绝热间的最佳位置,可使液氮机和液氦机所消耗的总能量为最小。采用的优化方法是拉格朗日乘数法。并进行了归一化处理使得出的结果能适用于不同效率的液氮机和液氦机以及不同大小的杜瓦。对具有不锈钢支撑和环氧玻璃纤维支撑的液氦容器分别进行了计算,其计算结果用曲线表示,可便于设计者使用。
This paper presents a method for optimal thermal design of liquid helium vessels that is suitable for liquid helium vessels that use liquid nitrogen and evaporated helium to cool the support and multi-layer insulation. Used to determine the optimal location of the heat exchanger between the support and the multi-layer insulation, the total energy consumed by the liquid nitrogen and liquid helium machines is minimized. The optimization method used is the Lagrange multiplier method. And normalized so that the results can be applied to different efficiency of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium machines and Dewar of different sizes. The liquid helium containers with stainless steel support and epoxy glass fiber support were calculated respectively. The calculation results are shown by the curve, which is convenient for designers.