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以仲丁醇铝(aluminum tri-sec-butoxide,ATSB)和硼酸为原料,采用阳离子表面活性剂(cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide,CTAB)辅助溶胶–凝胶法于120℃形成白色干凝胶,再进行焙烧得到硼酸铝纳米棒。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线能量色散谱仪和Fourier变换红外光谱仪对产物结构和形貌进行表征。结果表明:750℃焙烧产物为具有单晶结构的Al4B2O9纳米棒,,其形貌及直径、长度受ATSB和硼酸摩尔比影响;当ATSB与H3BO3摩尔比为1:2时,Al4B2O9纳米棒直径约为15nm,长度为200～300nm。1200℃焙烧的产物为Al18B4O33纳米棒,其直径为200～500nm,长度约为3μm。对硼酸铝纳米棒的形成机理进行了初步探讨。
A white xerogel was formed by sol-gel method using aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (ATSB) and boric acid as raw materials and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) Get aluminum borate nanorods. The structure and morphology of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the calcined product at 750 ℃ is Al4B2O9 nanorods with single crystal structure. The morphology, diameter and length of Al4B2O9 nanorods are influenced by ATSB and boric acid molar ratio. When the molar ratio of ATSB to H3BO3 is 1: 2, the diameter of Al4B2O9 nanorods is about Is 15 nm and the length is 200 to 300 nm. The products calcined at 1200 ℃ are Al18B4O33 nanorods with diameter of 200 ~ 500nm and length of about 3μm. The formation mechanism of aluminum borate nanorods was discussed.