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目的描述我国20世纪70年代与90年代子宫颈癌死亡率的分布情况,为新世纪我国对子宫颈癌的预防与控制策略提供科学依据。方法资料来源于中国70年代及90年代两次全国死因调查结果。计算经年龄地区调整后的子宫颈癌死亡粗率及调整率。基于年龄调整率比较两个年代的子宫颈癌的变化及趋势。结果在20年中,子宫颈癌的死亡率由70年代的10.7/10万下降至90年代的3.89/10万,下降了63.64%,构成比由15.19%下降为4.86%,在恶性肿瘤中所占的位次自70年代的第3位降至90年代的第6位。但是,下降趋势不均匀,仍然有一些高危地区(大多分布在我国中西部农村地区)子宫颈癌的死亡率下降不明显或保持不变,有些地区,如甘肃武都及山西阳城甚至达到世界最高水平。尽管城乡两地均呈现出显著的下降趋势(P=0.001),但城乡之间仍存在较大的差异。90年代的资料显示在城市年轻的妇女中子宫颈癌有较陡的上升趋势。结论我国子宫颈癌在20年中呈现明显的下降趋势,但它仍然是困扰我国广大妇女,尤其是农村妇女的主要健康问题。新世纪我国预防与控制子宫颈癌的重点应放在中西部农村地区及城市中的年轻妇女。
Objective To describe the distribution of cervical cancer mortality in China in the 1970s and 1990s and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of cervical cancer in our country in the new century. The method information is based on the findings of two national causes of death in China during the 1970s and 1990s. Calculate the death rate and adjustment rate of cervical cancer after age adjustment. Changes and trends of cervical cancer in two age groups based on age adjustment rate. Results In 20 years, the death rate of cervical cancer dropped from 10.7 / 100000 in the 1970s to 3.89 / 100000 in the 1990s, decreased by 63.64%, and the proportion decreased from 15.19% to 4.86% in malignant tumors The rankings dropped from the third place in the 1970s to the sixth place in the 1990s. However, the downward trend is not uniform, and there is still no obvious or constant drop in the death rate of cervical cancer in some high-risk areas (mostly in the rural areas in central and western China). In some areas, such as Wudu in Gansu and Yangcheng in Shanxi even reached the world The highest level. Although both urban and rural areas show a significant downward trend (P = 0.001), there are still large differences between urban and rural areas. Information from the 1990s shows that there is a steep upward trend in cervical cancer among young urban women. Conclusion Cervical cancer in our country shows a clear downward trend in 20 years, but it is still the major health problem which plagued the majority of women in our country, especially rural women. In the new century, the focus of prevention and control of cervical cancer in our country should be placed on young women in rural areas and cities in central and western regions.