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组织蛋白酶D(cathepsin D,catD)是溶酶体内天门冬氨酸蛋白内切酶,广泛分布于人体组织,在脑组织中则主要定位于神经元和脉络丛上皮细胞,其表达、分布及活性的变化影响着中枢神经系统疾病的发生发展,而平衡catD表达与活性及稳定其基因多态性有利于减少疾病发展的风险。在早期的研究中,catD的功能主要与乳腺癌的浸润和转移有关,而后将其作为雌激素依赖的肿瘤标志物来观察。但近几年的研究发现其在神经元的损伤中发挥着重要作用,说明catD与神经系统疾病也有着非常重要的关系。
Cathepsin D (catheD) is a lysosomal endoprotease, which is widely distributed in human tissues and mainly located in neurons and choroid plexus epithelium in brain tissue. Its expression, distribution and activity Changes affect the occurrence and development of central nervous system diseases, while balancing catD expression and activity and stabilizing their genetic polymorphisms will help reduce the risk of disease development. In an earlier study, the function of catD was mainly associated with infiltration and metastasis of breast cancer, which was then observed as an estrogen-dependent tumor marker. However, in recent years, studies have found that it plays an important role in neuronal injury, indicating that catD and nervous system diseases also have a very important relationship.