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目的了解深圳市光明新区学龄前儿童医院急诊伤害分布情况,为伤害事件预防与控制提供依据。方法采用统一的调查表对2010—2011年在深圳市光明新区伤害监测哨点医院急诊科就诊的所有首诊0～7岁学龄前儿童伤害病例进行患者一般信息、伤害事件的基本情况、临床信息及伤害涉及物品进行调查,并运用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010—2011年学龄前儿童累计伤害病例3 034例,男、女病例分别为2 016、1 018例;1、2、3岁年龄组发生最多,分别为706例(占23.33%)、708例(占23.34%)和519例(占17.11%)。伤害发生的主要原因为跌倒/坠落(1 136/3 034,占37.44%)、动物伤(672/3 034,占22.15%)、钝器伤(316/3 034,占10.42%)和机动车车祸(292/3 034,占9.62%);发生地点主要是家中(1 509/3 034,占49.74%)、公共居住场所(595/3 034,占19.61%)、公路/街道(560/3 034,占18.46%)。伤害事件均为非故意性伤害事故,轻度伤害为主(2 624/3 034,占86.49%),造成重度伤害(9例)的主要原因为机动车车祸(5例)。伤害事件绝大部分都发生在10—22时段之间,占总登记数的86.88%(2 636/3 034),在17—20时段(1 115/3 034,占36.75%)呈小高峰。结论跌倒/坠落、动物伤是造成学龄前儿童伤害的主要原因,在不同地点、不同时间预防需采取不同措施预防学龄前儿童不同原因伤害事件的发生。
Objective To understand the distribution of emergency injuries among preschool children’s hospitals in Guangming New District of Shenzhen City and provide the basis for the prevention and control of injury events. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to survey the general information and the basic information about the injuries and the clinical information of all pre-school-age children aged 0-7 years who were treated in the emergency department of the sentinel hospital of injury monitoring in Guangming New District, 2010-2011. And injuries involved in the investigation of items, and the use of descriptive epidemiological methods for analysis. Results A total of 3 034 cases of pre-school children were injured in 2010-2011. There were 2 016 and 1 018 cases of males and females, respectively. Most cases occurred in 1, 2, and 3 years old, which were 706 cases (23.33%), 708 Cases (23.34%) and 519 cases (17.11%). The main causes of injuries were falling / falling (1 136/3 034, accounting for 37.44%), animal injuries (672/3 034, accounting for 22.15%), blunt injuries (316/3 034, accounting for 10.42%) and motor vehicles (292/3 034, accounting for 9.62%); the occurrences were mainly from the home (1 509/3 034, accounting for 49.74%), public residence (595/3 034, accounting for 19.61%), road / street 034, accounting for 18.46%). Injuries were mainly unintentional injuries, minor injuries (2 624/3 034, accounting for 86.49%), and the main cause of severe injuries (9 cases) was motor vehicle accidents (5 cases). The majority of the injuries occurred between 10-22 hours, accounting for 86.88% (2 636/3 034) of the total number of registrations and a small peak during the 17-20 hours (1115/3 034, accounting for 36.75%). Conclusions Fall / fall and animal injuries are the main causes of pre-school children’s injuries. Preventive measures at different places and at different times need to take different measures to prevent the occurrence of different causes of injuries in preschool children.