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20世纪初日本的对华经贸调查《支那经济全书》是研究清末中国社会经济的重要资料,其第一、第二辑被两湖总督署译成中文《中国经济全书》。《中国经济全书》以大量篇幅记载了清末中外商战,展示了中国商人在中外竞争中的强势一面,并极力渲染日本在东亚商业竞争中所面临的“中国威胁”。本文认为,《全书》对于清末中外商战的记录基本属实,但由于仅选取了中国商人中的部分群体作为考察对象,因此失之于夸大、片面,只显示了清末中外商业竞争的一个侧面。《全书》展现了清末中国商业传统在时代变迁大背景下的顽强活力,也预示了新经济因素成长缓慢的隐忧。
Japan’s Economic and Trade Investigation Toward China in the Early 20th Century The “Economic Dictionary of Chinas” is an important source of information on China’s social economy in the late Qing Dynasty. The first and second series were translated into the Chinese “Economic Book of China” by the Governor-General of Hubei and Hubei. The Economic Book of China contains a large number of records of the Chinese and foreign businesswomen in the late Qing Dynasty, demonstrating the strong side of Chinese businessmen in the competition between China and foreign countries and strongly exemplifying Japan’s “China threat ” facing the commercial competition in East Asia. This paper argues that the book has a basically true record of the Chinese and foreign wars in the late Qing Dynasty. However, because only some of the Chinese businessmen are selected as the object of investigation, the book is exaggerated and unilateral and shows only one aspect of the commercial competition between China and foreign countries in the late Qing Dynasty. The Book shows the tenacious vitality of the Chinese business tradition in the late Qing Dynasty under the background of the changes of the times and also foreshadowed the worries of the slow growth of the new economic factors.