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历史上的社仓有广义与狭义之分,本文着重讨论的是朱熹倡导的社仓。朱熹为倡导社仓付出了很大精力,留下了不少有关文字。在他和他的弟子的倡导下,南宋时期各地社仓有显著的发展。历来史家对此多有赞扬。人们对朱熹社仓的历史作用往往评价过高,更忽略了南宋各地社仓发展中出现的严重问题。事实上,严格意义上的朱熹社仓,在南宋数量很少。大量存在的,是打着朱熹社仓的旗号,实际并未依照朱熹的设想运行的社仓。本文通过分析朱熹在倡导、建立社仓过程中遇到的问题,分析南宋社仓的实际运行状况,指明:朱熹关于社仓的构想与当时社会严重脱节,不具备普遍推行的资质,南宋官方强制推行,造成了不良的后果。
Historical positions in the broad and narrow sense of the community, this article focuses on Zhu Xi advocate social positions. Zhu Xi paid a great deal of energy for advocating social positions, leaving a lot of relevant text. Advocated by him and his disciples, there were notable developments in social warehouses throughout the Southern Song Dynasty. Historians have always praised it. The historical role of Zhu Xi’s social positions is often overevaluated, but more serious problems in the development of social warehouses throughout the Southern Song Dynasty have been overlooked. In fact, the strict sense of Zhu Xi social positions, a small number in the Southern Song Dynasty. A large number of existence, is the name of Zhu Xi social positions, the actual did not operate in accordance with Zhu Xi’s social warehouse. This article analyzes the problems encountered by Zhu Xi during the process of advocating and establishing social warehouses, analyzes the actual operating conditions of social warehouses in the Southern Song Dynasty, and points out that Zhu Xi’s concept of social warehouses is seriously out of line with the society at that time, Implementation, resulting in adverse consequences.