论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨儿童中重度铅中毒可能的危险因素和防治策略。方法回顾分析2006年6月至2006年12月在新华医院铅中毒诊疗中心住院治疗的25例中重度铅中毒儿童的临床资料,其中中度铅中毒15例,重度10例。对病例进行病史询问和血铅、三大常规、血微量元素、肝肾功能和膝关节X摄片等检查,排查儿童可能的污染源。治疗方案依据铅中毒分级不同而变化。结果25例中,婴幼儿占总病人数的84%。临床表现方面,贫血(21例,占84%)、纳差(16例,占64%)、总铁结合力升高(13例、占52%)、入院时微量元素检测发现血清锌偏低(13例,占52%)和血清铁偏低(10例,占40%)、经常腹痛(10例,占40%)、营养不良(7例,占28%)和经常便秘(5例,占20%)等临床表现较常见。常见的病因为日常生活接触和当地工业污染。中重度铅中毒儿童中多数儿童疗效较好。结论婴幼儿是中重度铅中毒儿童的易感人群。中重度铅中毒儿童临床表现多样,危险因素主要为日常生活接触和周围环境污染。大多数儿童疗效良好。治疗的同时须进行健康宣教,预防铅再污染和疗程间歇期保健。
Objective To explore the possible risk factors and control strategies of moderate to severe lead poisoning in children. Methods The clinical data of 25 children with moderate to severe lead poisoning admitted to Xinhua Hospital from June 2006 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 15 were moderate lead poisoning and 10 were severe. Medical history of the case asked and blood lead, the three major conventional blood trace elements, liver and kidney function and knee X-ray examination, check the children may be the source of pollution. Treatment options based on lead poisoning grading varies. Results 25 cases, infants and young children accounted for 84% of the total number of patients. Clinical manifestations, anemia (21 cases, 84%), anorexia (16 cases, 64%), increased total iron binding (13 cases, 52%), admission to the detection of trace elements found in serum zinc is low (13 cases, 52%) and low serum iron (10 cases, 40%), often abdominal pain (10 cases, 40%), malnutrition (7 cases, 28%) and frequent constipation Accounting for 20%) and other clinical manifestations more common. Common causes of daily contact and local industrial pollution. The majority of children with moderate to severe lead poisoning have better curative effect. Conclusion Infants and young children are susceptible to moderate to severe lead poisoning. Moderate to severe lead poisoning in children with various clinical manifestations, the main risk factors for daily exposure and the surrounding environmental pollution. Most children work well. Treatment should be carried out at the same time health education, prevention of lead contamination and intermittent treatment of health care.