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目的了解头颈部恶性肿瘤的疾病谱特点,为新疆头颈部恶性肿瘤的防治提供方向和思路。方法收集2005年1月—2009年12月5年间在新疆医科大学第一附属医院诊治的头颈部恶性肿瘤患者的基本信息,对其构成比进行分析。结果 1 346例患者,男性占56.46%,女性占43.54%,中位年龄55岁;汉族占59.81%,维吾尔族占27.34%,哈萨克族占6.91%。构成比位于前5位的依次为:口腔癌、甲状腺癌、鼻咽癌、喉癌、鼻腔鼻窦癌。此五大恶性肿瘤占全部患者的77.64%。男性位于前5位的肿瘤依次是:口腔癌、喉癌、鼻咽癌、鼻腔鼻窦癌、甲状腺癌;女性位于前5位的恶性肿瘤依次是:甲状腺癌、口腔癌、鼻腔鼻窦癌、鼻咽癌、喉癌。汉族头颈部恶性肿瘤的构成比位于前5位的依次为:甲状腺癌、口腔癌、鼻咽癌、喉癌、鼻腔鼻窦癌;维吾尔族位于前5位的依次为:口腔癌、鼻咽癌、喉癌、鼻腔鼻窦癌、甲状腺癌;哈萨克族位于前5位的依次为:口腔癌、甲状腺癌、喉癌、鼻腔鼻窦癌、鼻咽癌。结论口腔癌、甲状腺癌是当前新疆地区头颈部恶性肿瘤防治的重要任务;鼻咽癌、喉癌的防治也需要引起足够的重视。
Objective To understand the characteristics of disease spectrum of head and neck malignant tumors and provide direction and ideas for the prevention and treatment of head and neck cancer in Xinjiang. Methods The basic information of patients with head and neck cancer diagnosed and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2005 to December 2009 was collected and its constituent ratio was analyzed. Results A total of 1 346 patients were male, 56.46% were female, 43.54% were female, and their median age was 55 years. Han accounted for 59.81%, Uyghur accounted for 27.34%, and Kazakh accounted for 6.91%. Composition than in the top 5 were: oral cancer, thyroid cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, nasal sinus cancer. The five major malignancies accounted for 77.64% of all patients. The top five tumors in men were oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, nasal sinus cancer and thyroid cancer. The top five malignant tumors in women were thyroid cancer, oral cancer, nasal sinus cancer, nasopharynx Cancer, laryngeal cancer. The proportions of head and neck malignant tumors in Han nationality ranked in the top 5 were as follows: thyroid cancer, oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer and nasal sinus cancer; the top 5 Uighur ethnic groups were oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer , Laryngeal cancer, nasal sinus cancer, thyroid cancer; Kazak is located in the top 5 were: oral cancer, thyroid cancer, laryngeal cancer, nasal sinus cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Conclusions Oral cancer and thyroid cancer are the important tasks in the prevention and treatment of head and neck cancer in Xinjiang. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and laryngeal cancer should also be given adequate attention.