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目的通过对哈尔滨市医疗机构消毒质量监测结果的分析,探讨存在的问题及对策,有效预防和控制医院感染的发生。方法于2003-2013年对哈尔滨市334家医疗机构重点环境的空气、物体表面、医护人员手等样品和压力蒸汽灭菌器、紫外线灯等消毒灭菌器械进行消毒灭菌质量和性能监测,并对监测结果进行统计学分析。结果共监测样品5358份,检测合格4697份,总合格率为87.66%,其中2003年合格率最高,为95.57%,2008年合格率最低,为84.25%。不同级别医疗机构监测合格率由高到低分别为三级(89.33%)、二级(85.75%)、一级(83.75%),一级以下(77.66%)。哈尔滨市八个区平均合格率为88.12%,十个县平均合格率为82.63%。所检样品中使用中消毒剂微生物检测合格率最高为98.93%、污水余氯合格率最低为60.00%。结论医疗机构消毒质量主要与消毒灭菌意识、专业的人才、规范的管理、设备药械的保障密切相关。
Objective By analyzing the results of disinfection quality monitoring in medical institutions in Harbin, the existing problems and countermeasures are explored to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of nosocomial infections. Methods From 2003 to 2013, the quality and performance of the disinfection and sterilization of air, object surfaces, medical staff hands and other samples, pressure steam sterilizer and ultraviolet light disinfection and sterilization equipment in key medical institutions of Harbin were monitored. The monitoring results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 5358 samples were tested and 4697 samples were tested, with a total pass rate of 87.66%. Among them, the highest pass rate was 95.57% in 2003 and the lowest pass rate in 2008 was 84.25%. The qualification rates of medical institutions at different levels ranked third (89.33%), second (85.75%), first (83.75%) and first (77.66%) respectively. The average passing rate of eight districts in Harbin was 88.12%. The average passing rate of ten counties was 82.63%. The samples tested in the use of disinfectants detected the highest pass rate of 98.93% of microorganisms, sewage residual chlorine pass rate as low as 60.00%. Conclusion The disinfection quality of medical institutions is closely related to the awareness of disinfection and sterilization, professional personnel, standardized management and equipment and drug protection.