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“世界城市”、“全球城市”、“国际大都市”和“国际化城市”等概念,都是描绘分析城市在全球或区域一级具有战略意义上的地理分布,以及其城市内部微形态发展和建设标准的展望和预测,可统称为“全球城市”。自20世纪90年代以来,“全球城市”在城市研究领域出现了前所未有的研究热潮,并日益形成了一套自成体系的理论。近年来关于全球城市的研究,源于霍尔、弗里德曼和萨森等学者的基础性研究工作。而P.J.泰勒对伦敦的研究,卡斯特对网络社会的研究,则在研究方法上提供了范例。全球城市作为全球经济的指挥和控制中心,起到不可缺少的区域性枢纽作用,因此在谈论全球化与全球城市的关系时,要以城市而非整个国家为单位。同时,讨论全球城市的文化及其研究,也离不开全球化的背景,而产生“谁的文化?谁的城市?”的问题。对于这个问题,沙朗·佐京、约翰·雷尼、萨森、查尔斯·兰蒂、爱德华·索亚、凯文·林奇等学者,分别从不同角度做了讨论。这些研究及其结论,对今天中国城市及其文化研究者提供了许多借鉴,对中国城市未来发展目标的制定和战略调整,也具有启示价值。
The concepts of “world city”, “global city”, “international metropolis” and “international city” all depict and analyze the strategic geographical distribution of cities at the global or regional level , As well as the outlook and prediction of the development and construction standards for its micro-morphology within the city, which may be collectively referred to as the “global city.” Since the 1990s, “Global Cities” has seen an unprecedented wave of research in the field of urban studies and has increasingly formed a self-contained theory. In recent years, the research on global cities originated from the basic research work of scholars such as Hall, Friedman and Sassen. While P.J. Taylor’s research on London and Custer’s research on Internet society provide an example on the research method. Global cities play an indispensable regional pivotal role as the command and control center of the global economy. Therefore, when discussing the relationship between globalization and global cities, cities should be cities rather than the entire country. At the same time, discussing the culture of the global city and its research can not be separated from the background of globalization, resulting in the issue of “Whose culture? Whose city?”. For this issue, scholars like Siron Zuojing, John Raney, Sassen, Charles Landy, Edward Sawyer and Kevin Lynch discussed the issue from different angles. These studies and their conclusions provide many references for Chinese cities and their cultural researchers today, and they also have enlightenment on the formulation and strategic adjustment of the future development goals of Chinese cities.