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目的:观察一次定量大负荷跑台运动后大鼠心脏心肌力-电变化和心肌组织病理学变化。方法:22只心电图正常SD大鼠随机分为对照组(n=8)和运动组(n=14)。采用BL-420E+型四道生理记录仪连续测定运动组一次定量大负荷跑台运动后0、5、10、20、30、50、70、90、110 min的心电图和左心室收缩功能,并于运动后110 min处死;对照组安静状态麻醉测定心电图和左心室收缩功能,麻醉后110 min处死。取材行心肌苏木精-伊红染色。根据运动后的心电变化,又将运动组分为心电异常组(ST段下压为异常,n=8)和心电无异常组(n=6)。结果:(1)大负荷运动后心电异常组大鼠左心室心肌收缩压和最大上升速率的时相变化不同步,运动后20和70 min心肌收缩力出现阶段性低值,而运动后15、90 min时+dp/dtmax出现阶段性低值,运动后110 min均恢复正常。(2)运动后心电异常组心电图出现T波倒置或低平、ST-T下移、J点下移等现象,T波和J点值均在运动后15、50min出现阶段性低值,T波运动后110 min恢复,接近正常,而J点值尚未完全恢复。(3)三组苏木精-伊红染色评分,两两组间比较均无显著性差异。结论:大负荷运动后大鼠心肌组织染色未见病理性改变,大鼠恢复期心脏力-电变化表现为短时可逆性心肌收缩功能障碍和心电异常变化。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the cardiomyopathic changes and myocardial histopathological changes of rat heart after a large amount of treadmill exercise. Methods: Twenty-two ECG-normal SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 8) and exercise group (n = 14). The electrocardiogram and left ventricular systolic function at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110 min after treadmill exercise were measured by BL-420E + The rats were sacrificed at 110 min after exercise. The control group was anesthetized to determine ECG and left ventricular systolic function, and was executed 110 minutes after anesthesia. Draw the line of myocardial hematoxylin-eosin staining. According to changes of electrocardiogram after exercise, the motor group was divided into ECG abnormalities (ST segment depression abnormality, n = 8) and ECG abnormalities group (n = 6). Results: (1) The left ventricular systolic pressure and maximal rate of rise in ventricular tachyarrhythmia rats after unsteady exercise were not synchronized. The myocardial contractility was low at 20 and 70 minutes after exercise, , 90 min + dp / dtmax appeared stage low value, return to normal after 110 min of exercise. (2) After ECG abnormalities, T-wave inversion or low level, ST-T shift, J-point shift and so on occurred in ECG. T-wave and J- T wave 110 minutes after exercise recovery, close to normal, while the J point value has not yet fully recovered. (3) Three groups of hematoxylin-eosin staining score, no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: There was no pathological change in rat myocardial tissue after heavy-duty exercise. The cardiac-electrical changes during recovery were short-term reversible myocardial contractile dysfunction and abnormal ECG.