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人在生长发育过程中骨质逐渐增加。约30a达到峰值。30～40a期间骨质保持稳定。此时,在健康成人.钙代谢是平衡的.40a之后骨质开始下降。虽然骨重建循环仍在进行,但骨质吸收总超过骨的重建,故老年人容易引起骨质减少。当骨质减少达到较轻的机械力即可引起骨折的程度.就是临床的骨质疏松症。引起骨质疏松的原因是多样的.继发于某种疾病的骨质疏松称为继发性骨质疏松。老年人无特殊疾病可解释其骨质疏松的称为原发性骨质疏松症.又称老年性骨质疏松症.老年人各种慢性疾病较多,进食量减少.消化吸收功能减退,钙摄入不足.是骨质疏松的不利因素.肌肉对骨骼牵扯时可促进骨细胞的活跃.而老年人活动量减少.以及日照少等均是不利因素。雌激素能促进骨细胞和成骨细胞的生长;促进降钙素的分泌而间接抑制破骨细胞的作用;促进1.25双羟维生素D之合成.进而增加小肠对钙的吸收.而经绝期后由于雌激素不足.致使以上的作用减低。所
People in the process of growth and development of bone gradually increased. About 30a peaked. During 30 ~ 40a bone remains stable. At this point, in healthy adults, calcium metabolism is balanced, and the bones begin to decline after 40 years. Although the bone remodeling cycle is still ongoing, but the total bone resorption than bone remodeling, so the elderly are likely to cause osteopenia. When osteopenia to achieve a lighter mechanical force that can cause fractures is the clinical osteoporosis. The causes of osteoporosis are varied, and osteoporosis secondary to a disease is called secondary osteoporosis. Elderly people without a special disease can be interpreted as osteoporosis is called primary osteoporosis, also known as senile osteoporosis.All the elderly a variety of chronic diseases, eating less.Dysfunction of digestion and absorption, calcium Inadequate intake of osteoporosis is unfavorable factors involved in muscle involvement of bone can promote the activity of bone cells, while the reduction of activity in the elderly and sunshine are less adverse factors. Estrogen can promote the growth of osteocytes and osteoblasts; promote the secretion of calcitonin and indirectly inhibit the role of osteoclasts; promote the synthesis of 1.25 dihydroxyvitamin D, which in turn increases the intestinal absorption of calcium. Due to lack of estrogen, resulting in the above effect is reduced. The