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渗碳过程中的炉气调节或碳势控制是一个比较复杂的问题。较为成熟的是用发生炉制备的吸热式气氛的控制。即使通过调节炉气中CO_2含量来达到控制碳势目的的方法也还是相当粗略。其原理都是建立在气体平衡反应的基础上,滴注式气氛也不例外。但实际的反应平衡需要相当长的时间,而且整个过程又是在气体不断补充和不断排出的条件下进行,因此所有的控制方法都不是在平衡条件下完成调节过程。此外,气体反应的平衡常数只是在某一固定温度下才有固定值,而实际上炉温自动调节过程都不可避免地伴随有一定程度的上下波动。这些都给炉气或炉气碳势的精确控制带来困难。
Gasification or carbon potential control during carburization is a complex issue. More sophisticated is the control of the endothermic atmosphere that is prepared by the furnace. Even the method of controlling the carbon potential by adjusting the CO 2 content in the furnace gas is quite rough. The principle is based on the gas balance reaction based on the drip-type atmosphere is no exception. However, the actual reaction equilibrium takes a long time, and the whole process is carried out under the conditions of constant gas replenishment and constant discharge. Therefore, all the control methods do not complete the adjustment process under the equilibrium condition. In addition, the equilibrium constant of the gas reaction only has a fixed value at a fixed temperature, but in fact the furnace temperature is automatically adjusted with a certain degree of fluctuations inevitably accompanied. All of these give difficulty in the accurate control of the carbon or furnace gas potential.