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艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)精液中的病毒载量,是HIV传播的重要影响因素之一。有效抗反转录病毒治疗(ART)可使HIV/AIDS病人血液中的病毒载量达到检测不到水平,然而部分男性病人,尤其男男性行为者(MSM)HIV/AIDS病人精液中仍有较高浓度的HIV。研究表明,病人的高危性行为、性传播疾病、生殖道炎症、CD4+T淋巴细胞计数及巨细胞病毒复制等因素,可能会增加精液中的HIV载量,从而增加HIV的传播风险。因此,防治艾滋病要加强相关影响因素的控制,如改善MSM病人高危性行为,预防和治疗性传播感染及生殖道炎症,提高CD4+T淋巴细胞计数等。
The viral load in semen of people living with HIV / AIDS (HIV / AIDS patients) is one of the key factors that influence the transmission of HIV. Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) can achieve undetectable levels of viral load in the blood of HIV / AIDS patients, but some male patients, especially those with MSM HIV / AIDS, are still more likely to have semen High concentrations of HIV. Studies have shown that factors such as high-risk sexual behavior, sexually transmitted diseases, reproductive tract inflammation, CD4 + T-lymphocyte count and cytomegalovirus replication in patients may increase HIV load in semen and increase the risk of HIV transmission. Therefore, the control of AIDS should be strengthened to control the related factors, such as improving MSM patients at high risk of sexual behavior, prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and genital tract inflammation, increase CD4 + T lymphocyte count.