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如何提高企业的生存能力是企业管理者关注的问题,多产品出口企业的出口产品种类数与出口核心产品集中度会影响企业的生存。文章首先构建了多产品出口产品种类数与核心产品集中度对企业生存影响的理论模型,并在此基础上利用匹配后的中国工业企业数据库和海关数据库进行了实证检验。检验结果显示,多产品出口可以促进企业生存,但是多产品出口的产品种类数却不是多多益善。在产品种类数低于某个临界值时,多产品出口可以促进企业生存;产品种类数高于这个临界值时,增加产品种类反而会加大企业的生存风险。在既定产品种类的前提下,出口核心产品集中度会增大企业的生存风险,企业应适当地分散出口产品,尤其是大规模企业、外资企业、技术密集型企业与竞争相对不激烈行业中的企业。
How to improve the survivability of enterprises is the concern of the managers of enterprises. The number of export products and the concentration of export core products of multi-product exporters will affect the survival of enterprises. First of all, the article builds a theoretical model of the influence of the number of multi-product export products and the concentration of core products on the survival of enterprises, and on the basis of this, conducts an empirical test by using the matched Chinese industrial enterprises database and customs database. Test results show that multi-product exports can promote the survival of enterprises, but the number of products exported by multi-product is not much better. When the number of products is lower than a certain critical value, the export of multi-product can promote the survival of the enterprise. When the number of products is higher than the threshold, increasing the product category will increase the survival risk of the enterprise. In the premise of the established product category, the concentration of export core products will increase the survival risk of enterprises, enterprises should be properly decentralized export products, especially large-scale enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises, technology-intensive enterprises and the relatively less competitive industries enterprise.