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各类光学仪器和光学设备,其光学系统都是由不同的光学零件,如:透镜、平面镜、棱镜、分划板等所组成.对这些光学零件必须按照规定的技术要求进行加工和装配.系统中的光学零件必须具有良好的透光(或反光)性能,并应清晰成象.为此,在加工过程中通常在抛光好的光学零件表面上镀有增透膜、增反膜或分光膜,尽量减少光学系统光能量的损失或按要求的透反比进行分光.另外,为保证光学系统矫正象差、光路转折、成正象的要求,经常采用双胶透镜(甚至三胶透镜)、组合棱镜等.这样,还要将光学零件进行胶合.这些加工好的光学零件,在装配、使用、维护过程中,必须保持良好的清洁,防止脱胶、脱膜、发霉和生雾等疵病.为使光学仪器和光学设备经常处于完好的工作状态,这就需要使用光学仪器或设备的人们,对光学零件的光学特性、疵病的产生和维护保养方法有一定的了解,并能正确地进行维护保养,使仪器或设备上的各种光学零件经常保持良好的光学特性.
Various types of optical instruments and optical equipment, the optical system is composed of different optical components, such as: lenses, mirrors, prisms, reticle, etc. For these optical components must be processed and assembled in accordance with the specified technical requirements. In the optical components must have good light (or reflective) performance, and should be clear imaging.To this end, the processing is usually polished optical surface coated with antireflection coating, antireflection film or spectral film , To minimize the loss of optical energy of the optical system or according to the required ratio of transmision.In addition, in order to ensure that the optical system to correct aberrations, light path turning point, a positive image of the request, often using double lens (or even triple lens), combination prism Etc. In this way, the optical components are also glued together, and the processed optical components must be well cleaned during assembly, use and maintenance to prevent defects such as degumming, mold release, mildew and fogging. Optical instruments and optical equipment are often in good working condition, which requires the use of optical instruments or equipment for people, the optical properties of optical components, defect generation and maintenance methods are A certain understanding, and can properly carry out maintenance, so that various optical components on the instrument or equipment often maintain good optical properties.