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目的分析江西省2008-2012年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情及宿主动物监测资料,研究HFRS的流行特征和变化趋势。方法采用描述流行病学方法对全省疫情及监测点啮齿类动物监测资料进行分析和比较。结果2008-2012年江西省共报告肾综合征出血热病例2238例,死亡51例,年均发病率为1.01/10万,病死率为2.28%,疫情呈逐年上升趋势。疫情主要集中在宜春地区。存在秋冬峰与春峰两个发病高峰,且构成之比逐年增大。发病主要以成人为主,男性发病率高于女性(χ2=305.21,P<0.01),男女病死率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.40,P>0.05),职业主要以农民为主。监测点高安市鼠密度为2.22%,室内和野外鼠密度差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.25,P>0.05),室内以褐家鼠、野外以黄毛鼠各为优势鼠种。带病毒鼠指数为0.021 7,2011-2012年带病毒鼠指数出现明显升高。结论江西省近年来HFRS发病率明显升高,建议加强疫情监测,大力开展灭鼠工作,提高人群免疫力,控制HFRS疫情的回升。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and host animal monitoring data of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Jiangxi Province from 2008 to 2012 and study the epidemiological characteristics and trends of HFRS. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze and compare the surveillance data of rodents in the province. Results A total of 2238 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were reported in Jiangxi province from 2008 to 2012, with 51 cases of death. The average annual incidence was 1.01 / 100,000 and the case fatality rate was 2.28%. The epidemic situation showed an upward trend year by year. The epidemic mainly concentrated in Yichun area. The existence of autumn and winter peak and peak incidence of two peaks, and the composition ratio increased year by year. The incidence was mainly in adults. The incidence of males was higher than that of females (χ2 = 305.21, P <0.01). There was no significant difference in mortality between males and females (χ2 = 1.40, P> 0.05). The rodent densities in Gao’an were 2.22% at monitoring sites, but there was no significant difference in rodent density between indoor and outdoor (χ2 = 0.25, P> 0.05). With a virus mouse index was 0.021 7, 2011-2012 with a significant increase in viral mouse index. Conclusions In recent years, the morbidity of HFRS in Jiangxi Province has been significantly raised. It is suggested to strengthen the surveillance of epidemic situation, vigorously carry out anti-rodent work, improve the population immunity and control the rise of HFRS epidemic.