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Nanocrystalline rare earth mixed oxides SmFe1 xCoxO3-δ were prepared by sol-gel method at 1 073 K for 2h calcination and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that SmFe1-xCoxO3-δ has the structure ofperovskite type. The conductivity of the materials increases with the temperature rising and the maximum conductivity at 1 073 K is 2.6 S/cm with the best mole ratio of Fe3+ to Co3+ being 1: 4. This kind of oxide is a conductive ceramic material by means of conduction of electron and oxygen anion.