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目的了解广西居民膳食营养状况,为制订营养改善策略提供科学依据。方法用多阶整群随机抽样法抽取4个城区、4个农村县,4 268户1、7 104人。用称重法获调味品量,3d、24h回顾法获个人食物量;测定身高、体重、血红蛋白和血浆维生素A。结果每标准人日摄入能量9 226.2 kJ,达推荐摄入标准(RNI)91.8%,城乡分别为10 301.11,8 877.5 kJ,达RNI 102.7%和88.5%。蛋白质、脂肪分别为64.4,75 g,提供能量分别为11.9%和31.3%。视黄醇、核黄素和硫胺素分别为527.3μg RE、0.8 mg和1 mg,分别达30.4%,59.1%和78.1%。钙、铁分别为311.4、19.4 mg,分别达适宜摄入标准(AI)35.4%和118.4%。动物蛋白质占蛋白质总摄入量的37.4%,城乡分别占46.9%和33.4%。动物脂肪占脂肪总摄入量的74.7%,城乡分别占54.7%和81.9%。营养不良率为12.9%,肥胖率9.1%(含中心性肥胖),超重率4.4%,贫血率为17.2%,其中孕妇为48.6%,乳母为24.1%;学龄前儿童发育迟缓率15.8%,婴儿低出生体重率4.8%。结论广西居民营养状况有了较大改善。能量、蛋白质基本满足,视黄醇、核黄素和钙偏低,食盐偏高,脂肪能量偏高。亟待制定广西膳食营养促进策略,防制不良和营养相关慢性病。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of Guangxi residents in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating nutrition improvement strategies. Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to extract 4 urban areas, 4 rural counties and 4,268 1,794 people. The amount of condiment obtained by weighing method, 3d, 24h retrospective personal food intake; determination of height, weight, hemoglobin and plasma vitamin A. Results The daily intake of energy was 9 226.2 kJ per standard human, reaching 91.8% of RNI, with urban areas of 10 301.11 and 8 877.5 kJ, respectively, reaching 102.7% and 88.5% of RNI. Protein and fat were 64.4,75 g, respectively, providing 11.9% and 31.3% of the energy, respectively. Retinol, riboflavin and thiamine were 527.3 μg RE, 0.8 mg and 1 mg, respectively, up to 30.4%, 59.1% and 78.1%. Calcium and iron were 311.4 and 19.4 mg, respectively up to 35.4% and 118.4% of the appropriate intake standards (AI). Animal protein accounted for 37.4% of the total protein intake, urban and rural areas accounted for 46.9% and 33.4%. Animal fat accounted for 74.7% of the total fat intake, urban and rural areas accounted for 54.7% and 81.9%. Malnutrition rate was 12.9%, obesity rate was 9.1% (including central obesity), overweight rate was 4.4%, anemia rate was 17.2%, of which pregnant women was 48.6%, lactation was 24.1%; pre-school children stunting rate was 15.8% Low birth weight 4.8%. Conclusion The nutritional status of Guangxi residents has been greatly improved. Energy, protein basically meet, retinol, riboflavin and calcium is low, high salt, high fat energy. Prompt development of Guangxi diet nutrition promotion strategy, prevention of adverse and nutrition-related chronic diseases.