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一、我国财政赤字的状况及消极影响我们所说的财政赤字,是指经全国人大批准的预算赤字,它通常靠向中国人民银行透支即增发货币来弥补,又称为“硬赤字”。预算赤字的执行结果是决算赤字。从1979——1989年,全国财政决算赤字为740.42亿元,其中中央赤字为857.44亿元,地方结余117.02亿元。但这种“硬”赤字是向银行借款和举借内外债弥补财政收入后仍然收不抵支的差额,因此,它并没有反映我国财政赤字的实况。如果按照国际惯例,把国内外债务也作赤字处理(即“软”赤字),1979—1989年,我国财政赤字累计达2003亿元。由于实行“分灶吃饭”的财政体制,中央与地方各级的赤
First, the situation of our fiscal deficit and the negative impact We call the budget deficit, refers to the budget approved by the NPC, which usually rely on the People’s Bank of China overdraft currency that is to make up, also known as “hard deficit.” The result of the budget deficit is the final deficit. From 1979 to 1989, the national fiscal deficit was 74.042 billion yuan, of which the central deficit was 85.744 billion yuan and the local balance was 11.102 billion yuan. However, this “hard” deficit is the difference between borrowing from banks and borrowing both internal and external debts to make up for the fiscal revenue. Therefore, it does not reflect the actual situation of China’s fiscal deficits. If, according to international practice, domestic and foreign debts are also treated as deficits (that is, “soft” deficits), from 1979 to 1989, China’s fiscal deficits totaled $ 200 billion. Thanks to the “split-kitchen” fiscal system, the Central and local governments are at a premium