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报汛,顾名思义是把洪水信息传递给江河下游,以便引起注意,做好防汛准备。古代报汛种类繁多,现举几例加以介绍: 驿报殷商奴隶制时期,兵卒骑马,由上游至下游报水情,接连不断向下游传,以便使下游沿岸居民安全疏散,免遭洪水之患。皮筏报水卒乘上羊皮缝制的皮球筏,皮球筏里面充气,得以水上漂浮,顺流而下。水卒报告水情,便于防汛,确保安全。石人报都江堰工程设有石人报汛标志。《华阳国志》中记载:“作三石人,立三水中,与江神要,水竭不至足,盛不没肩”,从而测得水位,采取防汛措施。
Report floods, as the name suggests is to flood information to the lower reaches of the river, in order to attract attention, good flood control preparation. In ancient times, there were a large number of reported floods, a few examples of which are presented below: During the slavery period of Yichang, the soldier made a horseback riding and reported hydrographs from the upper reaches to the lower reaches successively to the downstream so as to evacuate the residents along the downstream coasts from the flood Suffering. Rafts hit the sheep’s skins sewn by the raft, inflatable inside the raft, to float on the water, down the river. Drainage report water conditions, easy flood control, to ensure safety. Shiren report Dujiangyan project with Shiren flood signs. “Huayang Guoshi” records: “for three stone people, Li Sanshui, with the river god wants, water is not exhaustive, Sheng Shouliang”, so as to measure the water level, to take flood control measures.