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为评价农业生产过程对区域水资源的影响,在核算江苏省农业广义水资源量和农作物生产水足迹的基础上,构建基于水资源消耗和水足迹的农业生产水资源压力指标BWSI和GWSI进行1999~2013农业生产水资源压力评价。结果显示,江苏省农业广义水资源约为1 034.6×10~8 m~3,绿水占70.4%,苏南地区相对丰富;农作物生产水足迹为1 069.5×10~8 m~3(5.9%蓝水、74.6%绿水、19.5%灰水),苏北地区占61.6%且有随时间增大趋势。全省BWSI和GWSI分别为2.60与1.09,水资源压力较大,且有随时间微弱增大的趋势;农业生产水资源压力由南向北呈增大态势,且在时间上呈现苏南减低、苏中稳定、苏北增大的整体态势。引江水缓解了全省及各分区水资源压力,对BWSI的影响大于GWSI。BWSI和GWSI可以用于区域农业生产水资源压力评价,BWSI能揭示缺水地区的水资源稀缺性,而GWSI适合全面反映水资源丰富地区的用水状况。
In order to evaluate the impact of agricultural production process on regional water resources, based on the calculation of agricultural generalized water resources and crop production water footprint in Jiangsu Province, BWSI and GWSI for agricultural production based on water consumption and water footprint were constructed. ~ 2013 Agricultural Production Water Resources Stress Evaluation. The results showed that general agricultural water resources in Jiangsu Province were about 1 034.6 × 10 ~ 8 m ~ 3, 70.4% green water and relatively abundant in southern Jiangsu Province. The water footprint of crop production was 1 069.5 × 10 ~ 8 m ~ 3 (5.9% Blue water, 74.6% green water, 19.5% gray water), and northern Jiangsu accounted for 61.6% with an increasing trend over time. The province’s BWSI and GWSI were 2.60 and 1.09, respectively, with greater pressure on water resources and a slight increase with time. The pressure on agricultural production water resources increased from south to north and decreased in time from south to south, The stability in Soviet Union and the overall trend of increasing northern Jiangsu. Water diversion in the whole province and each subregion has relieved the pressure on water resources and has a greater impact on BWSI than GWSI. BWSI and GWSI can be used to assess the pressure on water resources in regional agricultural production. BWSI can reveal the scarcity of water resources in drylands, and GWSI is suitable for fully reflecting water use in water-rich areas.