论文部分内容阅读
一美国人类学家罗伯特·雷德菲尔德(Robert Redfield)《乡民社会与文化》一书中提出,较复杂的文明中存在着两个层次的文化传统,即所谓“大传统”(Great Tradition)和“小传统”(Little Tradition)。他所说的大传统指的是社会上层、精英或主流文化传统,而小传统则是指存在于乡民中的文化传统。大传统主要依赖于典籍记忆,尤其是文学经典所构造的记忆与想象而存在、延续。小传统主要以民俗、民间文化活动等“非物质”性的、活的文化形态流传和延续。
Robert Redfield, an American anthropologist, argues in his book, “Rural Society and Culture,” that there are two levels of cultural traditions in the more complex civilizations: the so-called “Great Tradition” And Little Tradition. What he calls the grand tradition refers to the upper class, the elite or the mainstream cultural tradition, while the small tradition refers to the cultural traditions that exist among the villagers. The great tradition relies mainly on the memory of classics, especially the memory and imagination constructed by literary classics. Small traditions are mainly based on folklore, folk cultural activities and other “non-material” sexual and living cultural patterns spread and continuity.