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目的用1999年WHO/ISH的高血压诊断标准和1978年WHO标准对高血压患病率进行探讨。方法自愿体检者来自9个国家机关的公务员(含退休人员)6052人,男3494人,女2558人,年龄17～91岁。由相同的医务人员对其全面体检,排除继发性高血压病。血压按规定由专人测量、记录。20岁以上按每10岁1个年龄组进行统计,结果进行χ2检验。结果按1978年WHO标准,高血压患病率为13.28%,高于1980,1991年全国普查患病率的9.1%,11.26%。按1999年WHO/ISH标准高血压患病率为23.35%,其中男性组患病率为28.24%,女性组为16.75%,男性患病率明显高于女性(P<0.001)。各年龄组患病率男性组高于女性组(P<0.001),均随增龄而增高,40岁以上更明显。边缘高血压者也随增龄而增加,到80岁组有下降。收缩压等于140mmHg组,女性患病率高于男性(P<0.05),但Ⅲ级高血压组则相反(P<0.05)。结论1999年WHO/ISH标准的高血压患病率明显高于1978年WHO标准的患病率,患病率随增龄有增高趋势,男性高血压总患病率明显高于女性。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension by using the 1999 WHO / ISH diagnostic criteria for hypertension and the 1978 WHO criteria. Methods Volunteers were found on 6052 civil servants (including retirees) from 9 state organs, including 3,494 males and 2,558 females, aged 17-91 years. By the same medical staff on their full physical examination, excluding secondary hypertension. Blood pressure according to the regulations by hand measurement, recording. According to the statistics of one age group of 10 years old over 20 years old, the results were tested by χ2 test. Results According to the WHO standard in 1978, the prevalence of hypertension was 13.28%, higher than 9.1% and 11.26% of the national census prevalence in 1980 and 1991 respectively. According to 1999 WHO / ISH prevalence rate of hypertension was 23.35%, of which male prevalence rate was 28.24%, 16.75% of women, the prevalence was significantly higher in men than women (P <0.001). The prevalence rate in all age groups was higher in males than in females (P <0.001), both increased with age and were more obvious in those over 40 years of age. Margins of high blood pressure also increased with age, to 80-year-old group declined. Systolic blood pressure was equal to 140mmHg group, the prevalence of women than men (P <0.05), but the level of hypertension in the contrary (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in 1999 WHO / ISH was significantly higher than that of 1978 WHO standard. The prevalence increased with age, and the overall prevalence of hypertension in men was significantly higher than that of women.