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种群空间格局分析有利于更好地理解格局形成的潜在生态过程。本研究以重庆四面山杉木林为研究对象,采用单变量和双变量函数分析了样地中杉木林主要种群的空间分布格局以及种群间的空间关联性。结果表明:(1)四面山杉木林共调查到乔木65种、灌木31种、草本20种。杉木种群径级结构呈衰退型,表现为以大树为主,中树次之,无小树;腺萼马银花、元江栲、细枝柃等种群径级结构呈增长型,表现为以小树、中树为主,大树次之。(2)在0~25 m尺度内,杉木种群呈随机分布,栲和元江栲呈聚集分布,而腺萼马银花、细枝柃、光叶山矾和长蕊杜鹃等4个种群则在小尺度下呈聚集分布,随着尺度的增大,呈现出随机分布的趋势。(3)生物学特性以及生境因子的差异导致杉木林主要种群间空间关联差异较大,杉木与元江栲和腺萼马银花种群之间呈负相关,而与光叶山矾、栲和长蕊杜鹃种群呈无相关,因此,在该区杉木纯林的近自然改造上,应优先考虑竞争力强的乡土树种,如长蕊杜鹃、栲、光叶山矾等进行混交。
Spatial pattern analysis of the population helps to better understand the potential ecological processes formed by the pattern. In this study, the Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in Chongqing was selected as the research object. The spatial distribution patterns of the main populations of Cunninghamia lanceolata and their spatial relationships were analyzed using single-variable and bivariate functions. The results showed that: (1) A total of 65 species of arbor, 31 species of shrubs and 20 species of herbaceous species were collected from four populations. The diameter-class structure of the Chinese fir population showed a recession type characterized by large trees followed by the middle trees with no small trees. The diameter-class structure of the populations of the gypsophila malayanus, , Mainly in the tree, followed by the tree. (2) In the 0 ~ 25 m scale, the population of Chinese fir was randomly distributed, while the populations of Gypsophila paniculatus and Yuanjiang gudgeon were clustered, while the four populations of Gyps fulvus, Castanopsis carlesii, Celastrus angustifolia and Rhododendron grosvenorii were clustered at small scale It was aggregated distribution, with the scale increases, showing a trend of random distribution. (3) The differences in biological characteristics and habitat factors resulted in significant differences in the spatial distribution of major populations of Cunninghamia lanceolata, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Gyps fulvus populations, but negatively correlated with Rhododendron fortunei Therefore, in the near natural transformation of the pure Chinese fir plantation, priority should be given to the strong competitive native tree species, such as Rhododendron cuneata, Eupatorium, and Photinia.