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民族与其所在的地理环境总是相互影响的。后者是民族产生和发展的必要条件,是民族过程赖以展开的“舞台”。地理环境对于民族的形成与发展的作用已为其直接或间接影响的痕迹所证实,在民族的各个组成部分(从物质文化到族名)中都发现有这种痕迹。例如:气候在许多方面决定服饰和住宅的特点,决定农耕工具和交通工具等。土壤、地形和湿度影响劳动的性质、农村居民点的形式等。天然界线(山脊、荒漠、水障等)起着民族边界的作用,尤其在社会发展的早期阶段更是如此。植物群的成分决定住宅的材料及其种类,并与动物群的特点一起表现于日
The nation and its geographical environment always influence each other. The latter is a necessary condition for the emergence and development of the nation and is a “stage” upon which the national process is to be carried out. The role of geographical environment in the formation and development of a nation has been corroborated by traces of its direct or indirect influence, which are found in the various components of a nation, from material culture to tribal names. For example: The climate in many ways determines the characteristics of clothing and housing, decided to farming tools and transport and so on. The influence of soil, topography and humidity on the nature of labor, the form of rural settlements, etc. Natural boundaries (ridges, deserts, water barriers, etc.) function as national boundaries, especially in the early stages of social development. The composition of the flora determines the materials and types of the dwelling and displays them together with the characteristics of the fauna