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遗传学自其诞生之日起,就始终与基因的概念紧密相联。因此,了解基因概念的充实与更新有益于遗传学的学习。基因仅是个符号 1866年,遗传学的奠基人孟德尔以《植物的杂交实验》为题发表了他历时八年的实验结果。他应用“回交”技术和数理统计的分析方法,研究了豌豆个别性状在亲代和子代间出现的关系,揭示了遗传学的两个基本规律——分离规律和自由组合规律。在这样一篇具有划时代意义的科学文献中,孟德尔提出豌豆的高、矮、红花、白花等性状受“遗传因子”(后来学者们称为基因)控制。这就是说,这种“遗传因子”
Since its birth, genetics has always been closely linked to the concept of genes. Therefore, understanding the enrichment and renewal of gene concepts is beneficial to genetics learning. The gene is only a symbol In 1866, Mendel, the founder of genetics, published his experimental results for eight years on the subject of “The Hybrid Experiment of Plants.” He applied the “backcross” technique and mathematical statistics analysis method to study the relationship between the pea individual traits in the parental and offspring, and revealed two basic laws of genetics - the law of separation and the law of free combination. In such an epoch-making scientific literature, Mendel proposed that traits such as high, low, safflower, and white flowers of peas are controlled by “genetic factors” (later scholars call genes). This means that this “genetic factor”