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[目的]分析中小学教师吸烟状况与职业紧张反应是否存在相关关系,为学校实施控烟措施提供参考方案。[方法]采用自制量表,对四川省南充市658名教师进行吸烟现况、工作特点、职业紧张反应和紧张反应源进行横断面研究。[结果]南充市中小学男性教师吸烟率为52.0%,女性教师吸烟率为2.2%,男性教师吸烟率远高于全国15岁以上人口吸烟率。男性教师工作任务重于女性教师,且工作控制感低于女性教师。男性教师吸烟率与职业紧张反应无显著相关,但生理紧张反应越高,有更多比例的研究对象吸烟量增加。教师紧张源主要来自工作责任和工作任务过重,约75%的教师认为主要的工作紧张源来自工作责任,50%的教师认为来自工作任务过重。[结论]职业紧张反应可能增加教师的吸烟量。学校控烟工作的重点在于控制男性教师的吸烟率,提高男性教师对工作压力的应对能力,增加工作中的授权。学校的控烟措施可与教师减压措施一起运用。
[Objective] To analyze whether there is a correlation between primary and secondary school teachers’ smoking status and occupational stress response and provide a reference scheme for implementing tobacco control measures in schools. [Methods] A self-made questionnaire was used to conduct a cross-sectional study on the smoking status, job characteristics, occupational stress and stressful response of 658 teachers in Nanchong City, Sichuan Province. [Results] The prevalence of male teachers in primary and middle schools in Nanchong City was 52.0% and that of female teachers was 2.2%. The smoking rate of male teachers was much higher than that of the population over the age of 15 in China. Male teachers have more job assignments than female teachers, and work control is lower than female teachers. There was no significant correlation between male teachers’ smoking prevalence and occupational stress response, but the higher the physiological stress response, the more proportion of subjects smoked. Tense sources of teachers mainly from the job responsibilities and tasks are too heavy, about 75% of teachers believe that the main source of work stress from work responsibilities, 50% of teachers believe that work from over-work. [Conclusion] Occupational stress response may increase teachers’ smoking amount. The focus of school tobacco control efforts is to control the smoking rate of male teachers to improve the ability of male teachers to deal with work stress and increase their work authorization. School tobacco control measures can be used with teacher decompression measures.