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白口铸铁具有很高的耐磨性。我国将白口铸铁作为耐磨料磨损材料在工业上应用已有很悠久的历史。但由于白口铸铁性能很脆,即冲击韧性很低,仅3.0牛顿.米/厘米~2左右,不能承受冲击载荷的作用,因而不能应用于制作冶金、矿山、建材、农机、电力、工程等部门中带冲击工况条件下服役的机械设备的易耗零配件。为了扩大白口铸铁应用范围,半个世纪来,特别是最近二十年来,国内外在为改善其机械性能,特别是提高其韧性方面进行了大量的研究工作,并取得一定成效,其中主要有:1932年美国的INCO公司首先发表了含4.5％Ni,1.6～2.0％Cr的镍硬(Ni-hard)铸铁。与此同时,英、美等国还发明了高铬白口铸铁,但由于需电炉熔炼当时未能发展,直到1958年
White cast iron with high wear resistance. China will white cast iron wear-resistant materials as wear-resistant materials in the industrial application has a long history. However, due to the brittle performance of white cast iron, the impact toughness is very low, only 3.0 Newton meters / cm ~ 2 or so, can not withstand the impact load, and therefore can not be used in the production of metallurgy, mining, building materials, agricultural machinery, electricity, engineering, etc. Department with the impact of working conditions under the service of mechanical equipment, spare parts. In order to expand the application range of white cast iron, in the past half century, especially in the recent two decades, a great deal of research has been done at home and abroad to improve its mechanical properties, especially its toughness. Some of the major achievements are : In 1932 the United States INCO company first published 4.5% Ni, 1.6 ~ 2.0% Cr Ni-hard cast iron. At the same time, the United Kingdom, the United States and other countries also invented the high-chromium white cast iron, but due to lack of electric furnace smelting was not developed until 1958