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应用横断面研究的方法通过单因素和 L ogistic回归分析对安徽省农村地区育龄妇女自然流产危险因素进行了探讨。结果发现 :安徽省农村地区育龄妇女 196 0～ 1993年间自然流产率为 7.6 5 % ,明显高于全国平均水平。单因素研究显示 :初婚年龄、生育年龄过高或过低 ,有自然流产史、人工流产史、不接受产前检查者自然流产率高 ;过短 (<8个月 )或过长 (>6 4个月 )的产孕间隔、高胎次均会加大自然流产发生的危险 ;妊娠期间高频率的被动吸烟、常于夜间工作、经常搬运重物或挑担可能是该农村地区育龄妇女自然流产的环境与职业危险因素。但生育年代、月经初潮年龄、避孕、孕期疾病、受教育程度、孕期从事弯腰的运动 (插秧、割麦、割稻、摘棉花、锄草等 )、农药接触及孕前配偶饮酒情况等与自然流产之间未见有相关关系存在。按胎次分层后的多因素分析显示 :除有自然流产史、过短产孕间隔及不接受产前检查外 ,其他经单因素分析筛选出的因素均失去其显著性。表明在该农村地区妊娠妇女中并不存在特别的自然流产职业性危险因素 ,但进一步抓好计划生育、杜绝多胎生育、加强孕期保健对降低自然流产率和促进妇女生殖健康将是有利的。
Cross-sectional study methods were used to investigate the risk factors of spontaneous abortion among women of childbearing age in rural areas of Anhui Province through univariate and logistic regression analysis. The results showed that: The women of childbearing age in rural areas in Anhui Province from 1960 to 1993 had a spontaneous abortion rate of 7.65%, which was significantly higher than the national average. Univariate studies have shown that the age of first marriage, the age of childbirth is too high or too low, there is a history of spontaneous abortion, abortion history, and abortion rate is not high for those who do not receive prenatal examination; it is too short (<8 months) or too long (>6 4 months) of the birth interval and high parity will increase the risk of spontaneous abortion; high frequency of passive smoking during pregnancy, often working at night, carrying heavy objects or carrying burdens may be a rural women of childbearing age Abortion environment and occupational risk factors. However, the age of childbearing, menarche age, contraception, pregnancy sickness, education level, bending during the pregnancy (transplanting rice, cutting wheat, cutting rice, picking cotton, valerian, etc.), pesticide exposure, and pre-pregnancy spouse drinking and so on There is no correlation between abortions. A multivariate analysis based on stratified stratification showed that except for the history of spontaneous abortion, short birth intervals, and no prenatal care, other factors selected by single factor analysis lost their significance. It shows that there are no special occupational risk factors for spontaneous abortion among pregnant women in this rural area. However, it will be beneficial to further carry out family planning, eliminate multiple births, and strengthen the health care during pregnancy to reduce the spontaneous abortion rate and promote the reproductive health of women.