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目的以鲤鱼为研究对象,利用阿利新蓝和过碘酸雪夫氏(AB-PAS)染色的方法,研究三聚氰胺胁迫对其鳃及消化道粘液细胞密度与类型的影响。方法实验共设1、10、100、1 000和2 000 mg/kg 5个实验组,以0.65%生理盐水作为对照组,腹腔注射染毒,处理48h。结果在实验剂量范围内,鳃丝、口腔上皮、肠道各处粘液细胞密度均随三聚氰胺剂量的增大而减小,与对照组相比,1 mg/kg组差异无统计学意义,除100 mg/kg中肠和1 000 mg/kg腮丝降低差异P<0.05外,其他各组降低差异P<0.01。另外,三聚氰胺能降低鳃丝,口腔上皮处II、IV型,前肠II、III、IV型,中肠I、II、III、IV型,后肠I、II、IV型粘液细胞密度;提高鳃丝,口腔上皮处I、III型,前肠I型,后肠III型粘液细胞密度;且三聚氰胺剂量不同,影响各类型粘液细胞密度升高或降低的幅度亦不同。结论在三聚氰胺的刺激下,I、III型粘液细胞分泌的中性粘液成分,在鲤鱼腮和消化道表面形成粘液层,Ⅱ型和Ⅳ型分泌的酸性粘液具有一定杀菌作用,可为机体粘液的免疫防御能力提供证据。
Objective To investigate the effects of melamine stress on the density and type of mucous cells in gills and gut of carp, using alitame blue and periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining methods. Methods A total of 1, 10, 100, 1 000 and 2 000 mg / kg experimental groups were treated with 0.65% saline as the control group and injected intraperitoneally for 48 hours. Results In the experimental dose range, the density of mucus cells in gill filaments, oral epithelium and intestine decreased with the increase of melamine dose. Compared with the control group, the difference was not significant in 1 mg / kg group except for 100 mg / kg midgut and 1 000 mg / kg cheek filaments reduce the difference P <0.05, the other groups reduce the difference P <0.01. In addition, melamine can reduce gill filaments, oral epithelium at type II, IV, foregut II, III, IV, midgut I, II, III, IV, hindgut I, II, IV mucus cell density; Silk, oral epithelium at type I, III, type I foregut, type III mucinous posterior gut cell density; and different doses of melamine, affecting all types of mucus cell density increase or decrease in the magnitude is also different. Conclusion Melamine stimulates the neutral mucus secreted by type I and type III myxoid cells to form a mucus layer on the surface of carp gills and digestive tract. The type Ⅱ and type Ⅳ acid mucus secreted by the mucus cells has certain bactericidal effect, Immunity defenses provide evidence.