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目的分析安阳市疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转状况。方法通过AEFI监测系统,收集全市2011~2013年报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法,对相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果 2011~2013年AEFI监测系统共收到个案363例,其中≤1岁占55.56%,男女性别比为1.66∶1,报告疫苗以全国计划免疫(NIP)疫苗为主;一般反应占88.43%,其中78.24%发生在接种后≤1d;异常反应占9.92%,以过敏性皮疹和卡介苗淋巴结炎为主。估算全市NIP疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应报告发生率为4.54/10万。结论全市AEFI系统的监测质量逐年提高。AEFI常发生在小年龄组儿童接种NIP疫苗时,应为监测重点;NIP疫苗不良反应报告发生率均在预期发生范围内。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI in Anyang City and evaluate the operation status of AEFI monitoring system. Methods AEFI monitoring system was used to collect the data of AEFI reported from 2011 to 2013 in the whole city and the descriptive method was used to analyze the related indicators. Results A total of 363 cases were detected in the AEFI surveillance system from 2011 to 2013, of which 55.56% were ≤1 years old and the sex ratio was 1.66:1. The vaccine was mainly based on the National Planned Immunization (NIP) vaccine. The general response was 88.43% Among them, 78.24% occurred after inoculation ≤1d; abnormal reaction accounted for 9.92%, mainly allergic rash and BCG-lymphadenitis. Estimated that the city’s suspected immunization NIP vaccine vaccination incidence was 4.54 / 100,000. Conclusion The monitoring quality of AEFI system in the whole city is increasing year by year. AEFI often occurs in children of small age group vaccination of NIP vaccine should be monitored; NIP vaccine incidence of adverse reactions are expected to occur.