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自俄罗斯独立以来,农村的发展状况一直都呈衰落之势,出现大量“村庄被遗弃”现象。主要表现为:农民离开村庄,土地荒芜,房屋破败,道路损坏。这种现象的形成原因是多方面的,农业经济产业改革发展不顺利,农村人口的持续减少,农村公共基础设施投入缺失,农村社会保障覆盖面不足。中国自上世纪90年代以来出现农村“村庄空心化”现象。通过比较俄罗斯和中国农村村庄的两种现象,可以发现,为了避免出现俄罗斯式“村庄被遗弃”现象,进而引起严重社会问题,需要先后建立农村社会化综合保障制度和解决村庄产业发展转型的步骤来建设社会主义新农村。
Since the independence of Russia, the development of the countryside has been declining all the time, with a large number of “abandoned villages” phenomenon. Mainly as follows: peasants left the village, barren land, dilapidated houses, road damage. There are many reasons for this phenomenon. The reform and development of agricultural economy is not smooth, the rural population keeps decreasing, the input of rural public infrastructure is missing, and the coverage of rural social security is not enough. Since the 90s of last century in China, there has been a phenomenon of “hollowing out of villages” in rural areas. By comparing the two phenomena in rural villages in Russia and China, we can find that in order to avoid the Russian-style phenomenon of “abandoned villages” and then cause serious social problems, we need to establish a comprehensive social security system in rural areas and solve the transition of village industrial development To build a new socialist countryside.