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优生学(Eugenics)的重要性已日益被认识,计划生育与优生优育已成为我国的基本国策。一般可将优生学分为预防性(preventive)及演进性(prog(?)essive)两大类,前者研究降低产生不利表型的等位基因频率的途径;后者研究增加或维持产生有利表型等位基因频率的办法。这两大优生学分支在目的上是一致的,降低不利的遗传结构也意味着增加有利的遗传结构,反之也然。随着医学的发展和人民健康水平的不断提高,优生的问题更显得重要:婴儿死亡率逐年下降,但先天性畸形造成的婴儿死亡却相对地增加。英国近
The importance of Eugenics has been increasingly recognized. Family planning and prenatal and postnatal care have become the basic national policy of our country. Generally, eugenics can be divided into preventive and prog (essive) categories. The former studies ways to reduce the frequency of alleles that produce adverse phenotypes; the latter studies increase or maintain favorable phenotypes Allele frequency approach. The two eugenics branches are the same in purpose, and lowering the unfavorable genetic structure also means adding a favorable genetic structure, and vice versa. With the development of medicine and the continuous improvement of people’s health, the issue of eugenics is even more important: the infant mortality rate declines year by year, but the infant death caused by congenital malformations is relatively increased. Britain