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我国原铝冶炼行业产业集中度较低,生产水平参差不齐,随着国内原铝产量不断增加,原铝行业碳排放及其计算方法备受关注.针对我国原铝冶炼过程原料类型、能源结构复杂的特点,对国内外已有碳排放核算框架进行细化,从物料、工序、工艺3个层面构建了复杂的原铝冶炼系统温室气体排放计算模型.在广泛文献调研的基础上,选取典型原铝冶炼企业开展现场调研及专家咨询,进而形成模型的基础数据库.利用上述模型对我国2011年原铝冶炼过程碳排放进行核算.结果表明:综合考虑氧化铝生产工艺结构、电解铝行业分布区域的电网能源结构,我国原铝冶炼系统CO2排放因子(以铝锭计)为14.70 t/t.电解铝生产过程电耗相关排放占70%,南方电网区域电解铝生产电耗相关CO2排放分别比华中、华北地区低13%、30%.原铝冶炼行业可通过优先选用碳排放因子较低的物料、淘汰落后氧化铝工艺、开发引进低温低电压工艺技术等手段,进一步实现物料、工序及工艺的多层次温室气体减排.
China’s primary aluminum smelting industry, the industry concentration is low, the uneven level of production, with the continuous increase in the domestic production of primary aluminum, primary aluminum industry, carbon emissions and its calculation methods of concern.According to China’s primary aluminum smelting process of raw material types, energy structure Complex characteristics of domestic and foreign carbon accounting framework has been refined, from material, process, process three levels to build a complex primary aluminum smelting system greenhouse gas emissions calculation model.Based on extensive literature research, select the typical The primary aluminum smelting enterprises carried out on-site investigation and expert consultation, and then formed the basic database of the model.Combined the above model with the carbon emissions from the primary aluminum smelting process in 2011 in China, the results show that considering the alumina production process structure, the distribution area of electrolytic aluminum industry Of the energy structure of the grid, China’s primary aluminum smelting system CO2 emission factor (in terms of aluminum ingot) is 14.70 t / t.Electrolytic aluminum production process electricity-related emissions accounted for 70%, China Southern Power Grid electrolytic aluminum production of electricity-related CO2 emissions ratio Central China and North China by 13% and 30% respectively. The primary aluminum smelting industry can eliminate backward oxygen by giving preference to materials with lower carbon emission factors Aluminum process, the development of low temperature and low voltage means the introduction of process technology, and further reducing greenhouse gas emissions multi-level material, and process steps.