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Infants with severe cardiorespiratory failure treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are at risk of hypoxic-ischemic injury and infarction of the brain,intracranial hemorrhage,and seizures.Consequently,this can lead to adverse neurodevelopmental outcome.We present a neonate treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation due to diaphragmatic hernia.The infant′s brain function was continuously monitored with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography.The child experienced clinical seizures and subclinical seizure discharges,detected by amplitude-integrated electroencephalography,permitting the opportunity to treat them and adjust the anticonvulsive treatment accordingly.