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目的通过对天门市手足口病疫情进行流行病学分析,探讨流行规律,为防治手足口病提供依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法,将传染病网络直报信息系统2008—2011年天门市手足口病报告病例导出,用2003Excel软件进行统计分析。结果 2008—2011年天门市共报告手足口病病例1 770例,年平均发病率为27.10/10万。手足口病有明显的季节、年龄、性别分布。每年的4—7月为手足口病发病高峰,0～3岁儿童是发病重点人群,占发病总数的89.72%;1、2岁为高峰,10岁以上儿童鲜见发病。男性发病1 208例,女性562例,男女比2.15∶1,男性明显高于女性。病原学检测结果为肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性30例(34.09%),柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)阳性19例(21.59%),其他肠道病毒阳性39例(44.32%),有20例患者由上述2种病毒型同时感染(22.73%)。结论天门市手足口病疫情处于较高流行强度,防治的重点应放在每年的4—7月和0～3岁儿童,应加强对手足口病疫情的监测和预防控制。
Objective To analyze epidemiological situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Tianmen and discuss the epidemic rules to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to report the reported cases of hand, foot and mouth disease of Tianmen City in 2008-2011. The data were directly analyzed by 2003 Excel software. Results A total of 1 770 HFMD cases were reported in Tianmen City during 2008-2011, with an average annual incidence rate of 27.10 / 100,000. Hand, foot and mouth disease obvious season, age, gender distribution. April to July each year is the peak incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease, 0 to 3-year-old children are the focus of the crowd, accounting for 89.72% of the total incidence; 1,2-year-old peak, 10-year-old children rarely seen. There were 1 208 cases of males and 562 females, with a male to female ratio of 2.15: 1. The male was significantly higher than the female. The results of etiological test showed that 30 (34.09%) were positive for enterovirus 71 (EV71), 19 (21.59%) were positive for CoxA16, 39 (44.32%) were for other enteroviruses, Twenty patients were simultaneously infected by the above two virus types (22.73%). Conclusion The epidemic situation of HFMD in Tianmen is at a high prevalence. The focus of prevention and treatment should be placed on children aged from April to July and from 0 to 3 years. Monitoring, prevention and control of HFMD should be strengthened.