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常规产量递减规律和水驱特征曲线不能很好地反映低渗透油藏的生产特征。针对低渗透油藏的基本特性，利用低渗透的渗流理论，推导出低渗透油藏产量递减方程和水驱特征曲线方程。由分析得出：进行低渗透油藏的产量递减、低渗透油藏的含水率和水驱曲线分析时，必须考虑启动压力的影响。启动压力越大，初始产量越小，但有启动压力的递减速率比没有启动压力的递减速率要小；且累计产量随启动压力的增大而减小。在其它相同情况下，当启动压力梯度越大时，含水率就越大。启动压力梯度影响低渗透水驱油藏水驱曲线。表1参5（杨正明摘）
Conventional production decline and waterflooding characteristic curves do not reflect well the production characteristics of low permeability reservoirs. According to the basic characteristics of low permeability reservoirs, the production decline equation of low permeability reservoir and the equation of water flooding characteristic curve are deduced by using the seepage theory of low permeability. From the analysis, it is concluded that the effect of start-up pressure must be taken into account when the production of low-permeability reservoirs decreases, the water cut of low-permeability reservoirs and the water flooding curve analysis. The higher the starting pressure, the smaller the initial output, but the slower the starting pressure is, the lower the decreasing rate is. The cumulative output decreases with the increase of starting pressure. In other cases, when the starting pressure gradient is bigger, the moisture content is bigger. Influence of Start Pressure Gradient on Water Flooding Curve in Low Permeability Flooding Reservoirs. Table 1 Senate 5 (Yang Zhengming pick)