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1.前言陶瓷是人类最早得到的材料,但因其性脆而丧失了在工业材料中的地位。近年来,随着尖端技术领域迅猛发展,材料的使用环境也越来越苛刻,原来的金属材料和有机材料已不能完全适用,而陶瓷材料,则以其优良的耐热性、耐蚀性、耐磨性以及高弹性、低膨胀性,轻量等特性而引人注目。但由于陶瓷是脆性材料,不产生塑性变形,而且易使应力局部集中,耐骤热、骤冷等热冲击性和机械冲击性能差,因此欲把陶
1. Introduction Ceramics are the earliest material for mankind but have lost their place in industrial materials due to their brittleness. In recent years, with the rapid development of cutting-edge technology, materials used in the environment is also more and more harsh, the original metal materials and organic materials can not be fully applied, and ceramic materials, with its excellent heat resistance, corrosion resistance, Wear resistance and high elasticity, low expansion, light weight and other characteristics of the eye-catching. However, due to brittle ceramic materials, does not produce plastic deformation, and easy to local stress concentration, resistance to sudden heat, rapid thermal shock and mechanical impact performance is poor, so to Tao