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使用氢化锆为发泡剂,通过熔体发泡法制备泡沫铝并研究其影响因素。制备工艺为:添加0.6%-1.4%的发泡剂,1.5%-3.0%Ca(质量分数)作为增粘剂,发泡温度933-1013K,搅拌时间为0.5-2.5min和保温时间为1.5-4.0min。利用XRD和SEM对泡沫铝样品进行表征,测试其力学性能。结果表明,在合适的工艺参数下能制备出孔径均匀的泡沫铝,采用氢化锆为发泡剂可以制备出平均孔径为1mm左右的泡沫铝。金属间化合物和Al2O3的存在影响熔体的粘度。泡沫铝的力学性能经历线弹性区、平台区和致密化区并表现出较高的能量吸收效率。
Using zirconium hydride as foaming agent, foamed aluminum was prepared by melt foaming and its influencing factors were studied. The preparation process comprises the following steps of: adding 0.6 to 1.4 percent of a foaming agent, 1.5 to 3.0 percent of Ca (mass fraction) as a tackifier, foaming temperature of 933-1013K, stirring time of 0.5-2.5 minutes and holding time of 1.5- 4.0min. The aluminum foam samples were characterized by XRD and SEM, and their mechanical properties were tested. The results show that aluminum foam with uniform pore diameter can be prepared under suitable process parameters. Foamed aluminum with average pore size of about 1mm can be prepared by using zirconium hydride as blowing agent. The presence of intermetallic compounds and Al2O3 affects the viscosity of the melt. The mechanical properties of aluminum foam undergo linear elastic zone, plateau zone and densification zone and show higher energy absorption efficiency.